The peer review process is designed for experts in the same field to critically evaluate and critique others writing articles before they are published. The process assesses the articles validity, grammar, integrity, facts and originality. There are multiple steps to this process beginning with the author drafting a manuscript with data, methods, observations, and discussion. Next they submit their article to journals. Editors then evaluate the entirety of the paper focusing on the research in order to make a decision to accept it or not. If the journal rejects it, the author will send it to more journals. If the editors accept the manuscript, the manuscript will move on to step three. The third step for two to four reviewers to review the manuscript. These anonymous reviewers are selected by the editor. The reviewers then read the article and document their thoughts and critiques. After this is complete they will submit a very thorough part by part breakdown evaluating the article back to the editors. This also includes their thoughts on whether the article should be rejected or accepted. The editors can then accept the manuscript as is, reject the manuscript or return comments to the author for revision. If they return comments, the author will then revise the article and resubmit the article to complete the process once again.
Pros:
-establishes validity
-filters poor quality articles
-prevents falsified research from being published
-increased scientific communication
-improves article
Cons:
-time consuming process
-reviews may be biased
-different standards
-expensive
-can cause plagiarism for those who read the article in advanced
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