“Plans and Profiles of Oregon Rivers” Exhibit, 2024-2025

The “Plans and Profiles of Oregon River Maps” exhibition highlights the earliest maps and figures in SCARC’s Plans and Profiles of Oregon Rivers archival collection. Surveyed and hand-drawn in the 1920s as part of the Department of Interior’s U.S. Geological Survey, the twelve (reproductions of) images on display showcase the two types of schematics in the collection: plans (aerial, topographic maps of rivers and surrounding landscape) and profiles (visualizations of stream surface level over a given area).

When: The 2024-2025 academic year (Fall 2024 – Summer 2025); Special Open House Wednesday, October 16, 2024, 10:30am-1:30pm in the SCARC Reading Room

Where: The Valley Library 5th Floor SCARC Exhibit Alcove (across from the Reading Room and open during The Valley Library’s open hours)

Historical Context: Congress established the U.S. Geological Survey in 1879 and charged it with the “classification of the public lands, and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain.” In the aftermath of World War I, the Survey shifted focus towards identifying new energy resources, including hydropower. The maps on display, therefore, show current and potential dam sites in plan and profile. The display of these maps today honors the end of the dam century in the western US.

Cartography: Functional and Beautiful

In the early 20th century, cartography was an extreme endeavor. Surveyors traveled across rugged terrain in wooden boats, on foot, and on horseback – lugging plane tables and telescopic alidades up mountainsides and down canyons. Transferring field data to paper was a similarly physical process, one which captured the personalities and particular interests of the mapmakers, even within the highly standardized genre of the topographic map. Bishop Moorhead included ranger stations, canneries, and ferry crossings in his map of the Rogue River and animated rapids with blue strokes. E. S. Rickard rendered the confluence of the Sandy and the Columbia with a sinuous, less demonstrative hand, and marked the water itself as negative space.

Consider the pieces on display as art, as objects made with aesthetic intention. While these maps are created primarily for functionality and to serve the bureaucratic purposes and politics of the Department of the Interior, they become creative forms meant to communicate and shift the perspective of the viewer.