Reflecting on my past interviews I can see the difference of ineffective and effective methods when compared to realizability, validity and utility. Some of my past experiences with interviews have lacked structure and have been informal. The interviewer was more focused on small talk instead of asking questions that were related to the job. During these interviews I felt as if they were unreliable and inconsistent due to the fact that most of the questions were not the same for the other candidates which makes it hard to compare applicants. Based on the lectures reliability represents consistency in measurement. When there is no standard question then the consistency is lost. In comparison to effective interviews that I have been in where there is a clear structure of questions that are related to the job. These interviewers had a list of questions and recorded my responses for future evaluation.
This approach increases reliability and validity because it focuses on job performances. Interviews that have structure are more valid because they measure what is supposed to be measured. I also saw that when interviewers understand what are the job qualifications the questions are more meaningful and relevant which increases the content validity. I also experienced ineffective practices because interviewers can make quick judgments or focus too much on personality over the abilities of the interviewee. Snap judgments and first impressions are biases that can lower validity which may lead to poor hiring decisions.
If I were to advise employers on how to conduct interviews I would recommend having a structured set of questions as well and scoring guides so they may reflect and compare candidates easily. Being active listeners, minimizing biases and reviewing the job qualifications can also prepare employers for interviews. As well as combining interviews with other methods of selection like cognitive tests or work samples may lead to an increase of accurate hiring decisions while maintaining effectiveness and cost. Effective interviews consist of structured meetings with consistent, job related questions to carefully predict performance of the candidates. While ineffective interviews rely on intuition and do not have any structure.