{"id":915,"date":"2016-09-06T18:37:56","date_gmt":"2016-09-06T18:37:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/?p=915"},"modified":"2016-09-06T18:37:56","modified_gmt":"2016-09-06T18:37:56","slug":"blue-whale-portraits-pieces-puzzle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/2016\/09\/06\/blue-whale-portraits-pieces-puzzle\/","title":{"rendered":"Blue whale portraits: pieces of the puzzle"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By Dawn Barlow, MSc Student, Oregon State University<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps you\u2019ve read some posts about New Zealand blue whales on this blog from the past field season in the South Taranaki Bight (STB). I know I eagerly awaited updates from the field while the team was in\u00a0New Zealand and I was in Southern California, finishing undergrad and writing funding proposals and grad school applications. Now that undergrad is done and dusted, I\u2019ve arrived in Newport and begun to settle in to my next chapter as the <a href=\"http:\/\/mmi.oregonstate.edu\/dawn-barlow\">newest member of the GEMM Lab<\/a>, joining the blue whale research team as a MSc student in OSU\u2019s Department of Fisheries and Wildlife. Since no blue whale news has made it onto this blog in some time, I\u2019m excited to share what has happened since the team returned from the field!<\/p>\n<p>As you may have heard from <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/2016\/02\/26\/scratching-the-surface\/\">Leigh<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/2016\/02\/16\/biopsy-sampling-blue-whales-in-new-zealand\/\">Callum<\/a>, and <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/2016\/02\/10\/eavesdropping-on-blue-whales-in-new-zealand\/\">Kristin<\/a>, 2016 was a fruitful field season. In nearly 1,500 miles of vessel surveys, the team documented blue whale foraging behavior, <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/2016\/02\/03\/racing-blues\/\">a pair of racing whales<\/a>, four mother-calf pairs, what may be the first aerial footage of nursing behavior in baleen whales (video below), and a whale with apparent deformities. Five <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KZDALWUBDaM\">hydrophones units were deployed<\/a>, fecal and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Yoydo1VWt3Y\">biopsy samples were collected<\/a>, oceanographic conditions were measured, and photos were taken.<\/p>\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"660\" height=\"372\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9hpfVmP0hJ4?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/div>\n<p>I was welcomed into the GEMM Lab in early July, and presented with a workspace, a hard drive with thousands of photos, new software programs to learn, wonderfully accessible tea and coffee, and tasked with creating a photo-ID catalog of all the blue whales our team photographed this past field season. Here\u2019s a great thing about blue whales: while they may be tricky to study, when someone sees a blue whale they are often excited to report it. In addition to the data collected by our team during the 2016 season and the 2014 pilot season, we are incorporating many photo-documented sightings of blue whales from all around New Zealand that we have received from collaborative researchers, whale watch organizations, and fishing vessels alike captured between 2004 and 2016. All these photos are precious data to us, as we can use them to better understand their ecology.<\/p>\n<p>There are many unanswered questions about this population of blue whales in New Zealand \u2014 How many are there? Just how big are they? Do they stay in New Zealand year-round or are they migratory? Through the photo-ID analysis that I\u2019ve done, we are just beginning to piece together some answers. We have now compiled records of sightings in New Zealand from every month of the year. I\u2019ve identified 94 unique individual blue whales, 26 of which were sighted in the STB during the 2016 season. Five whales were seen in multiple years (Figure 1), including one whale that was seen in three different years, in three different places, and with three different calves! And what might all of this mean? At this point it\u2019s still speculative, but these findings hint at year-round residency and seasonal movement patterns within New Zealand waters\u2026 with more data and more analysis I will be able to say these things more conclusively.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/09\/NZBW_31JAN13_AMMC_NZ08L-e1473184584696.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-917 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/09\/NZBW_31JAN13_AMMC_NZ08L-1024x410.jpg\" alt=\"New Zealand Blue Whale Photo-ID\" width=\"660\" height=\"264\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_916\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-916\" style=\"width: 660px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/09\/NZBW011_LHS_NZBW_2FEB16_G_0170-e1473184557333.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-916 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/09\/NZBW011_LHS_NZBW_2FEB16_G_0170-1024x363.jpg\" alt=\"NZ Blue Whale Photo-ID\" width=\"660\" height=\"234\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-916\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1.<\/strong> Blue whale photographed off of Westport on 31 January 2013 (above) by the Australian Antarctic Division (data provided by Mike Double), and in the South Taranaki Bight on 2 February 2016 (below). Note how the tear in the dorsal fin has healed over the three-year period.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Perhaps you\u2019ve read <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/2016\/01\/09\/entering-in-the-world-of-photogrammetry\/\">Leila\u2019s post about photogrammetry<\/a>, and how she is able to make measurements using aerial photographs captured using an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS, aka \u2018drone\u2019). Using the same method, I will soon be able to tell you how long these whales really are (Figure 2).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_918\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-918\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/09\/sighting-22-UAS-reduced.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-918 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/09\/sighting-22-UAS-reduced.png\" alt=\"sighting 22 UAS reduced\" width=\"1000\" height=\"567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/osu-wams-blogs-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/blogs.dir\/2115\/files\/2016\/09\/sighting-22-UAS-reduced.png 1000w, https:\/\/osu-wams-blogs-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/blogs.dir\/2115\/files\/2016\/09\/sighting-22-UAS-reduced-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/osu-wams-blogs-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/blogs.dir\/2115\/files\/2016\/09\/sighting-22-UAS-reduced-768x435.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-918\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 2.<\/strong>\u00a0An aerial photograph captured with the\u00a0UAS during the 2016 season, which will be used to measure the length of these whales using photogrammetry.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>How many of them are there? Well, that\u2019s a trickier question. Using a straightforward abundance calculation based on our rate of re-sightings, the estimate I came up with is 594 \u00b1 438. In other words, I can say with 95% confidence that there are between 156 and 1031 blue whales in New Zealand. How helpful is this? Well, not very! The wide confidence intervals in this estimate are problematic, and it is difficult to draw any conclusions when the range of possible numbers is so large. So stay tuned as I will be learning more about modeling population abundance estimates in order to provide a more precise and descriptive answer.<\/p>\n<p>But stepping back for a minute, what does it matter how many whales there are and what they\u2019re doing? In 2014, Leigh demonstrated that the STB is an important foraging ground for these blue whales. However, the STB is also a region heavily used by industry, experiencing active oil and gas extraction (Figure 3), seismic surveying, shipping traffic, and proposed seafloor mining. If we don\u2019t know how the blue whales are using this space, then how can we know what effect the presence of industry will have on their ecology? It is our hope that findings from this study can guide effective conservation and management of these ocean giants as well as the ecosystem they are part of.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_508\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-508\" style=\"width: 912px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/01\/blue-whale-and-rig-small.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-508 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/files\/2016\/01\/blue-whale-and-rig-small.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 2. A blue whale surfaces in front of an oil rig in the South Taranaki Bight, New Zealand. Photo by Deanna Elvines.\" width=\"912\" height=\"588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/osu-wams-blogs-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/blogs.dir\/2115\/files\/2016\/01\/blue-whale-and-rig-small.jpg 912w, https:\/\/osu-wams-blogs-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com\/blogs.dir\/2115\/files\/2016\/01\/blue-whale-and-rig-small-300x193.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 912px) 100vw, 912px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-508\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 3.<\/strong> A blue whale surfaces in front of an oil rig. Photo by Deanna Elvines.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Keeping these goals in mind, I\u2019m eagerly awaiting the start of our 2017 field season in the STB. As I look through all these photos I feel like I\u2019m getting to know this group of whales just a little bit and I look forward to being on the water seeing them myself, maybe even recognizing some from the 2016 photos. More time on the water and more data will bring us closer to the piecing together the story of these whales, and inevitably open doors to more questions than we started with. And in the meantime, I\u2019m grateful for the community I\u2019ve found here in the GEMM Lab, at Hatfield Marine Science Center, and in Newport.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Dawn Barlow, MSc Student, Oregon State University Perhaps you\u2019ve read some posts about New Zealand blue whales on this blog from the past field season in the South Taranaki Bight (STB). I know I eagerly awaited updates from the field while the team was in\u00a0New Zealand and I was in Southern California, finishing undergrad &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/2016\/09\/06\/blue-whale-portraits-pieces-puzzle\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Blue whale portraits: pieces of the puzzle<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8072,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[712807],"tags":[712808,712899,635445,513,200562,712845],"class_list":["post-915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-new-zealand-blue-whales","tag-blue-whale","tag-dawn-barlow","tag-gemm-lab","tag-marine-mammals","tag-new-zealand","tag-photo-identification"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/915","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8072"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=915"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/915\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":922,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/915\/revisions\/922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=915"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=915"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.oregonstate.edu\/gemmlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=915"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}