Author Archives: renyerk

Human Ceruloplasmin PDB ID: 4ENZ Karissa Renyer Ceruloplasmin is the main copper-carrying protein in the blood. However, it also is a ‘moonlighting’ protein, performing various other functions outside of its typical role with copper. For example, it also acts as … Continue reading →

I was able to use a blue patina today on my ceruloplasmin protein pendant. Here is a before and after picture showing the transformation brought forth from the patina! I ended up sanding off the patina on the raised copper … Continue reading →

Sodium-potassium pumps create and maintain electrochemical gradients, pumping potassium ions into the cell and sodium ions out of the cell. The established gradient is a crucial part of sending electrical nerve signals and regulating the osmotic pressure in cells. When the … Continue reading →